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Attack: OS Credential Dumping: Security Account Manager

Adversaries may attempt to extract credential material from the Security Account Manager (SAM) database either through in-memory techniques or through the Windows Registry where the SAM database is stored. The SAM is a database file that contains local accounts for the host, typically those found with the net user command. Enumerating the SAM database requires SYSTEM level access.

A number of tools can be used to retrieve the SAM file through in-memory techniques:

• pwdumpx.exe
• gsecdump
• Mimikatz
• secretsdump.py

Alternatively, the SAM can be extracted from the Registry with Reg:

• reg save HKLM\sam sam
• reg save HKLM\system system

Creddump7 can then be used to process the SAM database locally to retrieve hashes.(Citation: GitHub Creddump7)

Notes:

• RID 500 account is the local, built-in administrator.
• RID 501 is the guest account.
• User accounts start with a RID of 1,000+.

MITRE

Tactic

• credential-access

technique

• T1003.002

Test : esentutl.exe SAM copy

OS

• windows

Description:

Copy the SAM hive using the esentutl.exe utility This can also be used to copy other files and hives like SYSTEM, NTUSER.dat etc.

Executor

command_prompt

Sigma Rule

• proc_creation_win_esentutl_sensitive_file_copy.yml (id: e7be6119-fc37-43f0-ad4f-1f3f99be2f9f)

• image_load_dll_vss_ps_susp_load.yml (id: 333cdbe8-27bb-4246-bf82-b41a0dca4b70)

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